Why in news?
Educators and mental‑health professionals raised alarms about the excessive use of smartphones and artificial intelligence among adolescents. Reports released in mid‑2025 showed that large numbers of students rely on digital devices for nearly every activity, prompting calls for a national digital well‑being mission.
Extent of use and concerns
Surveys indicate that more than three‑quarters of 14–16‑year‑olds own smartphones and spend several hours each day on social media, gaming and online videos. AI‑powered tools answer homework questions, compose essays and curate entertainment, leaving little room for independent thought. Experts warn that this dependence on devices is changing the way young people think and interact.
Effects on cognition and behaviour
- Reduced attention span: Constant notifications and short videos train the brain to seek quick stimulation, making sustained reading or problem‑solving difficult.
- Memory and learning: When facts are a click away, students may rely on “cognitive off‑loading,” weakening their ability to store information and apply it creatively.
- Behavioural issues: Excessive screen time is associated with sleep problems, anxiety, irritability and social withdrawal. Online anonymity can also lead to cyber‑bullying.
Ethical and social dimensions
Algorithms shape what users see, reinforcing biases and creating echo chambers. Children from affluent families have better access to devices, while others fall behind, widening the digital divide. Unregulated data collection by apps raises privacy concerns.
Proposed way forward
- Digital hygiene at home: Families should set screen‑free times, encourage outdoor play and model balanced device use.
- Education reforms: Schools can designate device‑free hours, teach critical thinking and digital literacy, and emphasise deep reading and discussion.
- Policy measures: A National Digital Well‑being Mission could issue guidelines on age‑appropriate screen time, regulate persuasive design practices and fund community centres where youth learn technology skills responsibly.
- Community engagement: Religious leaders, social clubs and local governments can organise sports, arts and mentoring programmes to offer meaningful alternatives to screen time.
Conclusion
Smartphones and AI tools can enrich learning and connect people, but unchecked use can undermine cognitive development and social harmony. By promoting mindful engagement with technology, India can harness digital power without sacrificing mental resilience.