Why in news?
During the IUCN World Conservation Congress held in Abu Dhabi in October 2025, Armenia was admitted as the newest State Member of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The Armenian environment minister hailed the decision as a gateway to global expertise and partnerships that will strengthen conservation and green development in the country.
Background
Armenia is a landlocked country in the South Caucasus, bordered by Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey. Its terrain is dominated by the rugged Armenian Highlands, with the highest point at Mount Aragats (4,090 m). The climate is highland continental with hot summers and cold winters. Major rivers such as the Aras, Hrazdan, Arpa and Vorotan feed the fertile valleys, and Lake Sevan – one of the largest high‑altitude lakes in Eurasia – lies in the country’s east. Armenia possesses mineral resources like copper, molybdenum and gold, and its natural habitats range from alpine meadows and mountain forests to semi‑deserts and wetlands.
Key highlights and significance
- Biodiversity hotspots: Armenia’s varied landscapes support unique species, including the Caucasian leopard, the Bezoar goat and the endemic Sevan trout. Many of these species are endangered, and effective conservation requires scientific research, habitat protection and community involvement.
- Progress and challenges: The country has adopted a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and updated its Red Book of threatened species. It has expanded protected areas and launched reforestation projects aiming to restore forests over about 12.9 % of its territory by 2030. However, biodiversity monitoring, enforcement and funding remain weak.
- Benefits of IUCN membership: As a State Member, Armenia gains access to IUCN’s global network of scientists and conservation practitioners. The membership will provide technical assistance in expanding protected areas, aligning laws with international standards, mobilising finance and integrating nature‑based solutions into climate and energy policies.
- Green transition: Armenia plans to increase renewable energy, restore degraded landscapes and develop eco‑tourism. Becoming part of the IUCN community signals a commitment to balancing economic development with the protection of natural heritage.
Source: News On Air
