Why in news?
Reports in 2025 noted the rapid spread of digital tools in India’s education system—from smart boards in rural anganwadis to online pension portals for veterans. These developments sparked debate on how technology can improve learning while ensuring fairness and human connection.
Background
The National Education Policy 2020 envisions tech‑enabled learning. Platforms like DIKSHA and SWAYAM offer online courses. Projects such as SPARSH (for defence pensions) and national admission portals digitise administrative processes. In some preschools, interactive displays and virtual reality are introduced to very young children.
Opportunities
- Bridging distances: Students in remote villages can access quality lectures and resources without having to relocate.
- Transparency: Online portals reduce discretion in admissions and pension disbursals, making systems more accountable.
- Future skills: Early exposure to technology prepares learners for a digital economy.
- Scalability: Once developed, digital platforms can serve large populations without proportionally increasing costs.
Challenges
- Digital divide: Unequal access to devices and reliable internet leaves many rural and poor students behind.
- Pedagogical concerns: Overuse of screens in early childhood can hamper sensory development and diminish teacher–student bonds.
- Administrative burden: Complex online forms and data requirements may overwhelm pensioners and first‑generation learners.
- Privacy and ethics: Collecting student data raises questions about consent and data protection.
Way forward
A balanced approach is needed. Blending digital tools with traditional teaching can preserve human interaction while widening access. Investments in rural connectivity, affordable devices and teacher training are essential. User‑friendly interfaces, multilingual support and offline help centres can make digital services more inclusive. Regular assessments must evaluate both educational outcomes and social equity.