Why in news?
- Researchers have identified a new species of water‑penny beetle in the Kurangani stream of the Bodi hills in Tamil Nadu. The species, named Jaechanax kuranganiensis, marks the first record of the genus Jaechanax in India.
- The discovery, detailed in a recent entomological study, emphasises the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats.
Background
- Water‑penny beetles belong to the family Psephenidae. Their larvae are flattened, disc‑shaped and cling tightly to rocks in fast‑flowing streams, feeding on algae and biofilm.
- Because the larvae are sensitive to pollution and changes in water quality, water‑penny beetles serve as biological indicators of freshwater ecosystem health.
- Prior to this discovery, the genus Jaechanax was known only from the Philippines. The new species extends the genus’ range to South Asia.
Distinctive features
- The larval form of Jaechanax kuranganiensis has an oblique groove on the pronotum and a subrectangular ninth abdominal segment, distinguishing it from related species.
- The adult beetle’s morphology and life cycle have not yet been fully described; the species was identified based on larval characteristics.
Significance
- The discovery highlights the hidden biodiversity of India’s streams and underscores the need to conserve freshwater habitats.
- Documenting new species helps scientists understand evolutionary relationships and provides tools for monitoring river health.
- Further surveys in the Western Ghats may reveal additional undiscovered insects and emphasise the importance of protecting these ecosystems.
Conclusion
Jaechanax kuranganiensis reminds us that even well‑studied landscapes can harbour unknown life. Protecting streams from pollution, sand mining and unregulated development will ensure such species endure and continue to enrich our natural heritage.
Source: Research Matters