Why in news?
The Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh reopened to tourists on 1 November 2025 after being closed during the monsoon. Forest officials flagged off the safari season and unveiled new facilities, encouraging eco‑tourism while highlighting the sanctuary’s unique biodiversity.
Background
Katarniaghat lies in the Terai region of Bahraich district, adjacent to the India–nepal border. Covering about 400 square kilometres, it was notified as a wildlife sanctuary in 1975 and became part of the Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in 1987 along with Dudhwa National Park and Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary. The area acts as a corridor linking tiger habitats in India with Bardia National Park in Nepal, allowing wildlife to move between protected areas. Its mosaic of sal and teak forests, tall grasslands, swamps and wetlands supports diverse flora and fauna.
Wildlife and ecosystems
- Keystone species: The sanctuary is home to tigers, leopards, elephants, swamp deer, Indian rhinoceroses and the endangered hispid hare. It also hosts over 400 bird species, including the rare Bengal florican and vulture species such as the white‑backed and long‑billed vultures.
- Riverine habitats: The Girwa River meanders through the sanctuary and provides prime habitat for the critically endangered gharial and mugger crocodiles. Gangetic dolphins are occasionally sighted in its waters.
- Plant diversity: The forests comprise sal (Shorea robusta), teak and a variety of grasses. Seasonal wetlands support lotus, water lilies and reed beds that are crucial for nesting birds.
Reopening measures
- Eco‑tourism activities: Safari routes have been improved to allow visitors to observe wildlife responsibly. Guides emphasise maintaining silence and following park rules to minimise disturbance.
- Visitor safety: Forest staff have installed warning signs and designated safe viewing areas. Medical aid and rescue teams are on standby in case of emergencies.
- Conservation awareness: Educational displays inform tourists about the importance of habitat protection and local conservation initiatives. Revenue from tourism supports habitat management and anti‑poaching patrols.
Significance
- Biodiversity hotspot: Katarniaghat’s combination of forests, grasslands and wetlands makes it a refuge for rare species in the densely populated Indo‑Gangetic plains.
- Trans‑boundary connectivity: The sanctuary provides a vital corridor for wildlife movement between India and Nepal, aiding genetic diversity and species survival.
- Eco‑tourism and livelihood: Responsible tourism offers employment opportunities for local communities while fostering appreciation for wildlife conservation.
Conclusion
As tourism resumes, balancing visitor experience with wildlife protection will be key. The reopening of Katarniaghat invites nature lovers to witness its rich biodiversity while reminding us of the continuous efforts needed to safeguard these fragile ecosystems.
Source: District Bahraich · Hindustan Times