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Herpetologists from Pondicherry University and the Max Planck Institute have described a new species of non‑venomous wolf snake from Great Nicobar Island. Named Lycodon irwini in honour of Australian conservationist Steve Irwin, the snake was identified through detailed morphological comparisons and DNA analysis. The discovery highlights the rich but under‑studied biodiversity of the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago.
Background
Wolf snakes (genus Lycodon) are slender, nocturnal colubrids found across Asia. Some species resemble the highly venomous kraits, but wolf snakes are harmless to humans. The new species belongs to the Lycodon subcinctus group. Researchers first noticed the unusual specimen in the forests of Great Nicobar and compared its features with known relatives from Southeast Asia.
Distinguishing features
- Colour and size: Unlike banded wolf snakes, Lycodon irwini has a uniform glossy‑black body without white cross‑bands. Adults can grow up to about 1.2 metres in length and have a slender build.
- Scale counts: The species has a higher number of ventral and subcaudal scales than its closest relatives, as well as differences in head shape and scale arrangement. These traits, along with DNA evidence, confirm it as a distinct species.
- Habitat and behaviour: The snake is nocturnal and likely feeds on small frogs and lizards. So far, it has been recorded only from a few locations in Great Nicobar Island’s evergreen forests.
Conservation concerns
- Restricted range: Because the species appears to be endemic to Great Nicobar, any habitat loss could threaten its survival. The island is already facing pressures from proposed infrastructure projects and climate‑driven sea‑level rise.
- Proposed status: The researchers recommend listing Lycodon irwini as Endangered under the IUCN Red List. Conservation measures should include habitat protection and further field surveys to determine its distribution.
Conclusion
The discovery of Lycodon irwini adds to the growing catalogue of unique fauna from the Nicobar Islands. Protecting these remote ecosystems is essential not only for this new species but also for the many other plants and animals found nowhere else on Earth.
Source: Research Matters