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Marine scientists in Greece have deployed thousands of mussels around the Saronic Gulf to measure levels of microplastic pollution. The filter‑feeding mollusks accumulate tiny plastic fragments in their tissues, allowing researchers to gauge contamination across the Mediterranean Sea.
About mussels
Mussels are bivalve mollusks with elongated, asymmetrical shells. They attach themselves to rocks, ship hulls or other surfaces using strong, silky threads called the byssus. As filter feeders they draw in seawater and extract plankton and organic particles. A single mussel can filter around ten litres of water per day.
Microplastic problem
Microplastics are fragments of plastic less than 5 millimetres in size. They originate from the breakdown of larger plastic waste or from products such as synthetic clothing and cosmetics. These particles persist in the marine environment, entering food chains and potentially harming wildlife and human health.
Using mussels to monitor pollution
- Bioindicators: Because mussels accumulate contaminants from the surrounding water, analysing their tissues provides a snapshot of local pollution levels.
- Wide deployment: Researchers placed cages of thousands of mussels at dozens of sites around the Saronic Gulf. After several weeks the mussels will be retrieved and tested for plastic particles.
- Early findings: Preliminary analysis shows that microplastics are present even in relatively clean areas. Most particles come from single‑use items such as packaging, bottles and fishing gear.
- Benefits and risks: Mussels themselves are safe to eat when harvested from clean waters and provide nutritious protein. However, microplastic accumulation could make them less safe if pollution levels rise.
By examining mussels, scientists hope to map hotspots of plastic pollution and inform waste‑management policies. Reducing single‑use plastics and improving wastewater treatment are among the measures needed to protect marine ecosystems.
Source: Reuters