Why in news?
Reports surfaced in 2025 that Pakistan was exploring plans to develop a deep‑water port at Pasni in Balochistan with support from the United States. The proposed project is part of an effort to diversify partners and leverage mineral exports.
Geographical and strategic context
Pasni is a coastal town on the Arabian Sea, located west of the Chinese‑developed Gwadar Port and east of Iran’s Chabahar Port. The area sits near the Reko Diq and Saindak mineral belts, which contain large deposits of copper and gold. Developing a port at Pasni could provide an outlet to export these resources.
Proposed features
- Infrastructure: The plan reportedly envisions constructing a multi‑berth harbour, container terminals and rail links to mining areas. Estimated investment is about US $1.2 billion.
- Operational control: Under discussion is an arrangement where a US company would build and operate the port for several decades, sharing revenues with Pakistan. This could complement rather than replace operations at Gwadar.
- Mineral exports: The port would facilitate shipment of copper concentrates, rare earth minerals and other commodities to global markets, reducing dependence on land routes through China.
Implications
- Geopolitical balancing: By involving US firms, Pakistan seeks to diversify its economic partners beyond China’s Belt and Road Initiative. This may alter power dynamics in the region.
- Economic opportunity: The project could create jobs in Balochistan and generate revenue. Improved logistics would also benefit local fisheries and agriculture.
- Challenges: The region faces security issues and local resistance. Environmental assessments and community consultations will be crucial. Competition with Gwadar may create friction with China.