Why in news?
In late October 2025, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Russia’s United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) signed a Memorandum of Understanding to localise the production of the SJ‑100 civil commuter aircraft in India. The pact, signed in Moscow, marks India’s first attempt to manufacture a complete passenger aircraft domestically since the Avro HS‑748 programme ended in 1988. The collaboration aims to meet rising demand for regional jets and bolster India’s aspirations for self‑reliance in aviation.
Background
The SJ‑100—formerly called the Sukhoi Superjet 100—is a twin‑engine, narrow‑body aircraft designed for short‑haul routes. Developed by Sukhoi Civil Aircraft (now part of UAC), it typically seats around 100 passengers and has a range of about 3,530 kilometres. Since entering service in 2011, more than 200 aircraft have been built and are operated by airlines across Russia, Mexico and other countries. The aircraft features modern avionics, fly‑by‑wire controls and is designed to operate in harsh weather conditions.
Key points of the MoU
- Local manufacturing rights: HAL will obtain rights to produce the SJ‑100 for domestic customers. The aircraft will be adapted to meet India’s civil aviation requirements and may also be offered to neighbouring countries.
- Demand for regional connectivity: Industry estimates suggest India may require over 200 regional jets in the next decade under schemes like UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik) that aim to improve air connectivity to smaller cities. Another 350 aircraft could be needed to serve short‑haul international routes around the Indian Ocean.
- Aatmanirbhar Bharat: HAL described the deal as a step towards realising the vision of a self‑reliant India in civil aviation manufacturing. Producing passenger aircraft domestically would diversify India’s aerospace sector beyond its traditional focus on defence aircraft.
- Employment and industrial growth: Local production is expected to create jobs, stimulate private‑sector participation and develop ancillary industries. However, specific timelines and manufacturing locations have yet to be finalised, and regulatory approvals will be required.
Conclusion
The HAL–UAC agreement signals a new chapter for India’s civil aviation industry. While challenges remain—such as technology transfer, certification and market acceptance—the project represents a significant move towards building passenger aircraft at home and meeting the growing demand for regional travel.
Source: The Times of India, Reuters