Why in news?
A recent study by researchers at Keck Medicine of USC reported that exposure to tetrachloroethylene (also called perchloroethylene or PCE) may triple the risk of severe liver fibrosis. The finding has raised concerns about the widespread use of this solvent in dry‑cleaning and household products.
Background
Tetrachloroethylene is a colourless, non‑flammable liquid widely used as a degreasing agent and in dry‑cleaning. Because it evaporates readily, people can inhale fumes from freshly dry‑cleaned clothes or from glues, spot removers and stainless‑steel polishes. PCE can also contaminate soil and groundwater and has been classified by international agencies as a probable carcinogen. Regulators such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have proposed phasing out its use.
Health concerns
- Liver damage: the new study found that people with detectable levels of PCE in their blood were much more likely to develop severe liver fibrosis compared with those without exposure. Fibrosis is scarring of the liver that can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure.
- Routes of exposure: PCE enters the body primarily through inhalation of vapours from dry‑cleaned fabrics or household products, and through ingestion of contaminated water. Workers in dry‑cleaning or metal degreasing industries have higher exposure.
- Other health effects: prolonged exposure has been linked to nervous system problems, cancer and fertility issues. Vulnerability varies; people with metabolic disorders or heavy alcohol consumption may be more susceptible to liver damage.
- Precautionary steps: consumers can reduce exposure by allowing dry‑cleaned clothes to air out, using greener cleaning methods and checking product labels. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle also reduces the burden on the liver.
Conclusion
The study adds to growing evidence that tetrachloroethylene poses serious health risks. As regulatory agencies move towards banning or restricting its use, individuals should be aware of potential exposure and seek safer alternatives wherever possible.
Source: Hindustan Times