Why in news?
The Ministry of Textiles has withdrawn the Quality Control Order (QCO) for Viscose Staple Fibre (VSF). Industry bodies argued that the order raised input costs and hindered supplies. Its revocation is expected to ease raw‑material availability and enhance competitiveness in the textile sector.
Background
Viscose Staple Fibre is a biodegradable, man‑made fibre produced by regenerating cellulose from wood pulp or cotton pulp. Invented in the late 19th century, it resembles cotton in texture and is widely used in apparel, home textiles and non‑woven fabrics. In 2023, India imposed a QCO requiring all VSF imports and domestic production to meet Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) certification. While intended to curb sub‑standard imports, the QCO restricted supply and increased costs for small manufacturers.
Properties and uses of VSF
- Soft and breathable: fibres have a diameter of 1–20 micrometres and a moisture absorption of about 13–15 %, making garments comfortable in hot climates.
- Eco‑friendly: VSF biodegrades within two to five years and is made from renewable cellulose, positioning it as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibres.
- Dyeability: the fibre accepts dyes easily and uniformly, allowing vibrant colours without heavy chemical processing.
- Versatile applications: used in saris, suits, knitwear, bed linens, surgical dressings and car upholstery. It can be blended with cotton, polyester or wool to enhance drape and absorbency.
- Manufacturing process: cellulose is treated with sodium hydroxide to form alkali cellulose, reacted with carbon disulfide to produce cellulose xanthate and spun into fibres via a spinneret. The process can be configured in closed loops to reduce emissions.
Implications of revoking the QCO
- Lower input costs: manufacturers can source VSF without the additional compliance burden, reducing yarn prices for weavers and garment makers.
- Enhanced global competitiveness: easing regulatory hurdles helps India meet export orders and aligns with the textile industry’s Vision 2030 goal of becoming a global leader.
- Continued quality vigilance: the ministry has stated that it will work with industry and the BIS to ensure quality through voluntary standards and testing.
Conclusion
Viscose Staple Fibre is a key ingredient in India’s textiles story. Revoking the Quality Control Order should make the fibre more accessible while maintaining quality through voluntary standards, helping the industry thrive sustainably.
Sources: News On AIR, Expert Market Research