Per capita income (PCI)
PCI = Per Capita Net National Income- How often
- Every yearWith the annual estimates
- Next release
- Thu 7 JanIn 56 days · 4:00 PM
2025-26, up from ₹1,92,774 in 2024-25.
Events on this chart
Source: NSO, MoSPI, released 5 Jun 2026 · Chart: Clarity UPSC
- Previous
- ₹1,92,7742024-25
- Highest
- ₹2,08,0902025-26
- Lowest
- ₹1,27,2442020-21
6 readings since 2020-21.
Story
National income divided by population, in today's rupees.
What is happening now As of 2025-26
Per capita Net National Income (NNI) was ₹2,08,090 in 2025-26 at current prices, by the provisional estimate the National Statistics Office (NSO) published on 5 June 2026. It rose 7.9% from ₹1,92,774 in 2024-25; the year before, it had risen 9.2%.
At 2022-23 prices, which remove inflation, per capita NNI rose 6.8% to ₹1,93,480. The estimate divides national income by a population of 142.1 crore.
Why it matters
Per capita income is the simplest yardstick of average living standards. It shows how much national income there is for each person, so it rises only when income grows faster than the population.
Comparing the current-price and constant-price figures shows how much of a rise is real. If per capita income rises 8% at current prices while prices rise 6%, the average person can buy only about 2% more than before.
What it is
Per capita income is Net National Income (NNI) divided by the population. It is measured at current prices, so it shows average income in that year's rupees.
NNI starts from Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Gross National Income (GNI) adds the income residents earn from abroad and subtracts what non-residents earn in India. NNI then subtracts consumption of fixed capital, the wear and tear of buildings and machines. India's GNI is slightly below its GDP because more income flows out than in.
The National Statistics Office (NSO) publishes it with the annual GDP estimates, on base 2022-23 since 27 February 2026. It rises when national income grows faster than population, and with inflation.
Read this number
- The publisher
- The National Statistics Office is the statistics arm of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. It compiles GDP, CPI, IIP and the labour force survey.
Terms on this page (6)
- CSO
- Central Statistics Office
- GDP
- Gross Domestic Product
- GNI
- Gross National Income
- IIP
- Index of Industrial Production
- NNI
- Net National Income
- NSO
- National Statistics Office
History
- 1956The Central Statistics Office (CSO) publishes the first official national income estimates, with base year 1948-49.
- 30 Jan 2015Base revised to 2011-12; per capita income uses population projections based on Census 2011.
- 27 Feb 2026Base revised to 2022-23. The first release puts per capita Net National Income (NNI) for 2022-23 at ₹1,59,557.
- 31 Aug 2026National Accounts Statistics 2026 revises national income with the new Producer Price Index and the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) with base 2022-23.
Readings
| Period | Value | Status | Released |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-26 | ₹2,08,090 | Provisional | 5 Jun 2026 |
| 2024-25 | ₹1,92,774 | Revised | 5 Jun 2026 |
| 2023-24 | ₹1,76,465 | Final | 5 Jun 2026 |
| 2022-23 | ₹1,59,557 | Final | 5 Jun 2026 |
| 2021-22 | ₹1,50,906 | Final | 31 Jul 2026 |
| 2020-21 | ₹1,27,244 | Final | 31 Jul 2026 |
For UPSC
In India, per capita income means per capita Net National Income (NNI) at current prices. Know the chain: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) plus net income from abroad gives Gross National Income (GNI), and GNI minus consumption of fixed capital gives NNI. Know that India's GNI is slightly below its GDP.