Live Economic Databy Clarity UPSC

Worker population ratio (WPR)

WPR = Worker Population Ratio
Released byNational Statistics Office (NSO)Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
How often
Every month15th of the following month
Next release
Mon 16 NovIn 4 days · 4:00 PM
52.7%

September 2026, down from 52.8% in August 2026.

Worker population ratio, Current Weekly Status, age 15+ (PLFS monthly)

Source: NSO, MoSPI, released 15 Oct 2026 · Chart: Clarity UPSC

Previous
52.8%Aug 2026
Highest
53.4%Dec 2025
Lowest
51.2%Jun 2025

18 readings since Apr 2025.

Story

The share of people aged 15 and above who are working.

What is happening now As of Sep 2026

The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) for people aged 15 and above was 52.7% in September 2026, the National Statistics Office (NSO) reported on 15 October 2026, against 52.8% in August and 52.4% in September 2025. Over the year, rural WPR rose from 54.8% to 55.5%, while urban WPR stayed at about 47%.

In towns and cities, WPR reached 47.2%, its highest since October 2025, as both men and women worked more: urban men's WPR rose from 70.7% to 71.0% and urban women's from 23.2% to 23.5% over the month. Across India, 73.6% of men and 32.8% of women aged 15 and above were working.

Why it matters

The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) is the most direct count of how many adults have work. The unemployment rate can fall simply because discouraged people stop looking for work; the WPR rises only when more people actually work.

A higher ratio means more earners per household and more people producing goods and services. It counts every kind of work, so the annual report's split into self-employment, regular salaried jobs and casual labour shows what kind of work is growing.

What it is

The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) is the share of people aged 15 and above who are employed. It counts all kinds of work: self-employment, regular wage or salaried jobs and casual labour.

This monthly figure comes from the National Statistics Office's Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), using Current Weekly Status. A person counts as working if they worked for at least one hour on any day in the seven days before the survey. It covers rural and urban India.

WPR divides by the whole adult population, so it shows how many adults have work, whether or not others are looking for it. Most Indian workers are self-employed: 56.2% in 2025, by usual status.

Read this number

Who counts as working?Anyone aged 15 or above who worked for at least one hour on any day in the past seven days.
How does it differ from the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)?LFPR counts people working or seeking work; the Worker Population Ratio (WPR) counts only those working. The gap between them, as a share of LFPR, is the unemployment rate.
Weekly or usual status?Weekly in the monthly bulletin. The annual report's usual-status WPR, based on the past 365 days, is higher: 57.4% in 2025.
The publisher
The National Statistics Office is the statistics arm of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. It compiles GDP, CPI, IIP and the labour force survey.
Terms on this page (3)
LFPR
Labour Force Participation Rate
NSO
National Statistics Office
PLFS
Periodic Labour Force Survey

History

  1. 2017The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) begins, with quarterly estimates for urban areas and annual estimates for rural and urban India.
  2. Jan 2025Survey redesigned: each household is visited in four consecutive months, and the sample rises from about 1.02 lakh to 2.72 lakh households.
  3. Apr 2025First month with a monthly all-India estimate; quarterly bulletins now cover rural areas too.
  4. 27 Mar 2026First annual report on a calendar year, January–December 2025, replacing the July–June survey year.

Readings

PeriodValueStatusReleased
Sep 202652.7%Final15 Oct 2026
Aug 202652.8%Final15 Sep 2026
Jul 202652.5%Final17 Aug 2026
Jun 202651.4%Final15 Jul 2026
May 202651.4%Final15 Jun 2026
Apr 202652.2%Final15 May 2026
Mar 202652.6%Final15 Apr 2026
Feb 202653.2%Final16 Mar 2026
Jan 202653.1%Final16 Feb 2026
Dec 202553.4%Final15 Jan 2026
Nov 202553.2%Final15 Dec 2025
Oct 202552.5%Final17 Nov 2025

For UPSC

Know how the Worker Population Ratio (WPR), the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) and the unemployment rate are defined and linked, the difference between usual status and Current Weekly Status, and the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) split of workers into self-employed, regular wage or salaried, and casual labour.