Why in news?
Reports from Tamil Nadu noted that migratory birds have started arriving at the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary, signalling the start of the winter breeding season. Wildlife enthusiasts are delighted to see the sanctuary buzzing with activity, underscoring its ecological importance as a safe haven for birds.
Background
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary is situated in the Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu, about 75 kilometres south of Chennai. Local villagers have protected this wetland for over 250 years, understanding that birds help control pests on their farmlands. The sanctuary, covering roughly 29 hectares, consists of a shallow lake surrounded by trees. In 2022 it was designated a Ramsar wetland of international importance. It is also listed as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA).
Features of the sanctuary
- Rich birdlife: During winter more than 40 species of waterbirds nest here, including painted storks, Eurasian spoonbills, black‑headed ibis and grey herons. Thousands of birds build nests on the branches of Alangium and Acacia trees that line the lake.
- People’s conservation: The sanctuary’s protection is rooted in a long‑standing understanding between villagers and the Forest Department. The community voluntarily curtailed tree cutting and hunting, recognising the benefits of pest control and manure from bird droppings.
- Visitor facilities: Raised bunds, watchtowers and interpretation centres allow visitors to observe birds without disturbing them. The sanctuary remains closed during the monsoon to minimise human interference during nesting.
Importance
- Ecological services: Waterbirds aid in seed dispersal, nutrient recycling and pest control. Their droppings enrich the soil and support surrounding agriculture.
- Education and tourism: The sanctuary provides opportunities for students and nature lovers to learn about wetland ecosystems and bird conservation. Responsible tourism supports the local economy.
- Wetland conservation: Recognition as a Ramsar site underscores the need to protect small wetlands that are often threatened by urbanisation and pollution.
Source
The Times of India – Vedanthangal teems with migratory birds