Why in news?
The Tamil Nadu Forest Department reported that an artificial intelligence‑based warning system installed near Madukkarai in Coimbatore has prevented elephant deaths on railway lines. Since its launch in November 2023 the system has enabled more than 6,500 safe elephant crossings and recorded zero collisions.
Background
Elephants migrating between forests often have to cross railway tracks. In past years several elephants were killed when trains could not stop in time. Authorities began exploring technology‑based solutions after villagers protested and conservationists demanded action. The pilot project was launched by the state with support from wildlife experts and technology firms.
How the system works
- Infrastructure: Twelve towers fitted with twenty‑four thermal cameras monitor a 9.6 kilometre stretch of track near Madukkarai.
- Real‑time monitoring: The cameras send live feeds to a control room staffed by around twenty‑five trained personnel. Custom software uses artificial intelligence to distinguish elephants from other animals.
- Alerts and response: When elephants approach the track, automatic alerts are sent to railway control rooms and loco pilots, who then slow down or stop trains. Forest guards also receive messages to guide the animals safely across.
Impact and significance
The Madukkarai project demonstrates that modern technology can protect wildlife while keeping trains running. The system has prevented casualties and reduced crop damage caused by elephants being startled by trains. Similar systems are now being planned in other elephant corridors, signalling a new era of technology‑enabled conservation.