Why in news?
Indian Railways and the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) signed a memorandum of understanding in July 2025 to deploy AI‑powered Machine Vision‑Based Inspection Systems (MVIS) for real‑time detection of defects in rolling stock.
What is MVIS?
- MVIS is an artificial‑intelligence platform that inspects freight trains using high‑resolution cameras and computer vision. It automates the detection of defects in components such as springs, axles and bolts.
- Developed by DFCCIL in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru and start‑ups, the system replaces manual inspections with accurate, fatigue‑free monitoring.
How the system works
- High‑speed area and line‑scan cameras are mounted along the trackside to capture images of trains moving at up to 100 km/h.
- Artificial intelligence models such as YOLOv8 and convolutional neural networks analyse images in real time to detect missing bolts, broken springs, hanging parts and overheating axles.
- Optical character recognition (OCR) reads wagon numbers for tracking and maintenance logs. Data processing units synchronised with network time servers avoid timestamp errors.
- A cloud‑based dashboard displays defects, train‑wise metrics and maintenance actions, enabling preventive repairs.
Key features and benefits
- Multi‑camera configurations capture all critical components, including undercarriage parts.
- Monochrome cameras enable faster processing and better clarity, while LED lighting ensures imaging in low‑visibility conditions.
- Real‑time alerts allow immediate corrective action, preventing accidents and service delays.
- The scalable architecture can be deployed across the network and integrated with other digital systems.
- Automated inspections improve safety, reduce downtime and lower maintenance costs.
