Why in news?
The Indian government began work on a “battery passport” for electric‑vehicle (EV) batteries to enhance safety, traceability and compliance with international standards. The move follows reports of battery fires and seeks to prepare manufacturers for global export markets.
What is a battery passport?
- A battery passport is a digital identity embedded in a QR code affixed to a battery. It stores information about the battery’s materials, design, manufacturing, usage and end‑of‑life handling.
- The concept was first promoted by the Global Battery Alliance and has been adopted under the European Union’s new battery regulation.
Why is it needed?
- Safety concerns: Several EV fire incidents in India have been linked to cell mismatches, overheating and poor quality control. A passport can help trace defective cells back to manufacturers and components.
- Preparation for exports: From 2027 the EU will require battery passports for electric vehicles sold in its market. Indian companies must comply to access global markets.
- Lifecycle management: Effective monitoring of battery health, performance and recycling supports circular economy goals and reduces environmental impact.
Key features and design
- Unique identity: Each battery receives a scannable code storing data on material sourcing, chemistry, capacity, serial number and carbon footprint.
- Real‑time tracking: Manufacturers and regulators can monitor a battery’s status during production, storage, transport and usage.
- Standardised format: A common template ensures data interoperability across companies and jurisdictions.
- Data sharing protocols: Access rights balance transparency with protection of proprietary information. Consumers may view basic information through apps.
Benefits for India
- Improve consumer confidence in EVs by ensuring safety and quality control.
- Strengthen India’s manufacturing ecosystem through standardisation and traceability.
- Boost exports by aligning domestic standards with global regulations.
- Enable efficient recycling and reuse of batteries, supporting the transition to a circular economy.