Why in news?
The Darjeeling Mandarin orange, a citrus variety grown on the hills of West Bengal, was granted a Geographical Indication tag on 24 November 2025. This tag formally recognises the fruit’s unique qualities and ties its identity to the Darjeeling hills. The GI status is expected to boost cultivation and protect the fruit from imitation.
Background
Known locally as “suntala,” the Darjeeling Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is the third product from the region — after Darjeeling Tea and Dalley Khursani chilli — to obtain a GI tag. It is a major cash crop for farmers in Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts and has long been prized for its sweet taste and vibrant aroma. GI registration was initially pursued by the Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV). Later, to ensure community ownership, the application was transferred to the Darjeeling Organic Farmers Producer Organisation (DOFPO). After publication in the GI Journal and completion of a public notice period, the GI status was granted in November 2025.
Growing conditions and significance
- Elevation: Mandarins thrive at altitudes between 600 and 1,500 metres, making them ideal for the hilly terrain of Darjeeling.
- Climate: They require 100–120 cm of annual rainfall and temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 35 °C. The frost‑free environment of the eastern Himalaya is well suited to the crop.
- Soil: Medium to light loamy soils with good drainage support optimal growth.
- Harvest season: Fruits ripen from November to February, coinciding with the winter tourist season.
- Economic benefits: GI recognition protects growers from counterfeit products and encourages better prices. It may help revive declining orchards affected by pests and diseases in recent years.
- Cultural heritage: Mandarins are deeply woven into the identity of the Darjeeling hills. Celebrating the GI tag has been described as a “legal milestone” that honours generations of farmers.
Source: Hindustan Times