Why in news?
The Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha will host the second edition of the “Indian Bison Fest” on 8–9 March 2026. The Hirakud Wildlife Division has expanded the event to include night camping, guided safaris, expert talks on gaur behaviour and conservation, stargazing sessions and treks. The festival celebrates the growing population of Indian bison – locally known as ‘gayala’ – in the Debrigarh‑Hirakud landscape and aims to promote eco‑tourism and awareness among students, researchers and nature enthusiasts.
Background
The Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary lies in the Bargarh district of western Odisha, close to the Hirakud Dam on the Mahanadi River. This protected area is associated with the freedom fighter Veer Surendra Sai, who used the nearby hills as his base during the rebellion against the British. The sanctuary is characterised by mixed and dry deciduous forests interspersed with grasslands. It shelters a variety of wildlife including Indian leopards, sloth bears, sambar deer, four‑horned antelope and gaurs (Indian bison). Migratory birds flock to its wetlands during winter, while crested serpent eagles, drongos and bulbuls inhabit the forest all year round.
Highlights of the festival
- Immersive experience: The two‑day event features discussions on gaur ecology, wildlife film screenings, guided safaris and night camping under clear skies. Participants will observe constellations such as the Saptarishi Mandal and Orion and trek to nearby Bat Island, home to a large colony of fruit bats.
- Conservation success: Recent census data show a steady rise in the gaur population, with around 848 animals recorded in January 2026 – including many juveniles. This indicates healthy breeding and effective habitat management.
- Eco‑tourism benefits: The previous edition of the festival attracted hundreds of visitors and members of eco‑development committees. Local communities benefit from employment opportunities linked to wildlife tourism and bison conservation.
About the Indian bison (Gaur)
- Largest wild cattle: The Indian bison, or gaur, is the largest living bovine. Males have robust bodies, strong limbs and a prominent grey ridge between their horns. Adults can stand up to two metres at the shoulder.
- Habitat and range: Gaurs inhabit evergreen, semi‑evergreen and moist deciduous forests across India and Southeast Asia. They prefer hilly terrain with abundant forage and water sources.
- Conservation status: The species is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss, hunting and disease transmission from cattle.
Conclusion
The Indian Bison Fest showcases how conservation and community engagement can work together. Debrigarh’s improving gaur numbers illustrate the success of targeted habitat management, while the festival raises awareness and fosters eco‑tourism. By celebrating the bison and their habitat, the event encourages long‑term support for wildlife protection and sustainable livelihoods.
Source: The New Indian Express
