Why in news?
The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C‑DAC) has unveiled DHRUV64, a 64‑bit dual‑core microprocessor built under the government’s microprocessor development programme. This chip marks a milestone in India’s efforts to achieve self‑reliance in semiconductor technology.
Background
India has long depended on imported processors for electronics, communications and defence equipment. To reduce this dependence the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology launched the Digital India RISC‑V programme. Earlier indigenous chips include SHAKTI, AJIT, VIKRAM and THEJAS64. DHRUV64—also known as VEGA AS2161—is the most advanced processor in this series.
Technical highlights
- Architecture: DHRUV64 implements the open‑source RISC‑V instruction set. It features two 64‑bit cores running at 1 gigahertz with an out‑of‑order execution pipeline and advanced branch predictors for faster processing.
- Memory management: Separate instruction and data caches (Harvard architecture) combined with a memory management unit allow efficient multitasking. The chip supports user, supervisor and machine privilege levels.
- Connectivity: An AXI4/ACE bus interconnect links the processor to memory and peripherals. A platform‑level interrupt controller and vectored interrupts enable real‑time responsiveness.
- Floating‑point and vector unit: A high‑performance floating‑point unit and optional vector extensions accelerate scientific computing, artificial intelligence and signal processing workloads.
- Debug and security features: On‑chip debugging support, hardware breakpoints and performance monitors simplify development. Secure boot and cryptographic functions protect the system from tampering.
Applications and significance
- Strategic sectors: The processor can power secure communication systems, avionics, satellites and defence equipment, reducing reliance on foreign technology.
- Commercial uses: With support for 5G modems, automotive control units, industrial automation and the Internet of Things (IoT), DHRUV64 opens opportunities for domestic electronics manufacturers.
- Stimulating innovation: By releasing the design under open licenses, C‑DAC encourages universities and start‑ups to build customised systems around the chip and contribute to a home‑grown semiconductor ecosystem.
Conclusion
DHRUV64 symbolises India’s progress towards technological sovereignty. Continued investment in processor design, fabrication facilities and human capital will be essential to convert prototypes into mass‑produced chips that power next‑generation devices.
Sources: PIB
