Why in news?
The central government has approved an ambitious National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme to strengthen India’s forensic science capabilities. This initiative addresses the growing demand for scientific evidence under new criminal laws and aims to reduce the backlog of cases by establishing new laboratories and training centres.
Background
Forensic science plays a crucial role in modern criminal justice by providing objective evidence. However, India’s forensic laboratories face shortages of personnel and infrastructure. To ensure timely and credible investigations, the Cabinet approved the NFIES in June 2024. The scheme covers the period from 2024‑25 to 2028‑29 with an outlay of over ₹2,200 crore. It complements reforms in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, which emphasise forensic evidence in trials.
Key components
- New laboratories: The scheme provides for establishing seven new Central Forensic Science Laboratories (CFSLs) in states such as Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Kerala. An eighth CFSL has been approved in Jammu.
- Expansion of NFSU: Nine off‑campus centres of the National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU) will be set up across Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. These campuses will train forensic experts and support research.
- Upgrading existing facilities: Current CFSLs and the NFSU campus in Delhi will receive modern equipment for DNA analysis, cyber forensics, toxicology and ballistics. Vacant posts are being filled, and contractual experts are being hired to clear backlogs.
- Human resource development: The Forensic Aptitude and Calibre Test (FACT), conducted by NFSU, identifies qualified candidates for laboratory positions. States are encouraged to recruit trained personnel and establish forensic units in police districts.
Why it matters
- Faster investigations: Additional labs and skilled experts will reduce processing times for DNA and fingerprint analysis, leading to speedier trials.
- Credible evidence: Better infrastructure improves the accuracy and reliability of forensic reports, increasing confidence in judicial outcomes.
- National security: Enhanced cyber‑forensic capabilities help authorities combat online fraud, terrorism financing and other digital crimes.
- Research and innovation: Expanded university campuses foster research into new techniques and technologies that can aid law enforcement and disaster response.
Conclusion
The National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme acknowledges that justice delayed is justice denied. By investing in laboratories, training and equipment, the government aims to build a world‑class forensic ecosystem that supports the rule of law and keeps pace with evolving crime patterns.
Source: PIB release on NFIES progress
