Why in news?
Under India’s National Quantum Mission, a Bangalore‑based start‑up has successfully demonstrated a quantum communication network stretching approximately 1,000 kilometres using indigenous quantum key distribution technology. The achievement, among the world’s longest such networks, signals rapid progress in India’s quantum ambitions.
Background
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) was launched by the Department of Science & Technology in April 2023 with a budget of ₹6,003 crore for the period 2023–31. Its goal is to create a vibrant ecosystem for quantum computing, communications, sensing and materials. Four Thematic Hubs at leading institutes are tasked with research and development across these areas. The mission also supports start‑ups and industry partners to commercialise quantum technologies.
Highlights of the milestone
- Secure network: QNu Labs, an Indian company, used quantum key distribution (QKD) to create secure encryption keys over optical fibre links. QKD exploits quantum properties of photons, ensuring that any eavesdropping attempt disturbs the system and is detectable.
- Long‑distance deployment: The network spans about 1,000 kilometres and operates across diverse terrains. It uses domestic hardware—quantum random number generators, QKD transceivers and repeater systems—integrated with classical telecommunication equipment.
- Support for start‑ups: The demonstration reflects NQM’s approach of nurturing entrepreneurship. Additional start‑ups are being onboarded to develop quantum sensors, materials and computing platforms.
- Future plans: Beyond communications, the mission aims to build 50‑ and 1,000‑qubit quantum computers, high‑precision quantum sensors for navigation and timing, and new quantum materials.
Significance
- National security: Quantum networks can secure sensitive communications for defence, finance and critical infrastructure, reducing dependence on foreign technologies.
- Technology leadership: Achieving a long QKD link positions India among a small group of countries advancing quantum communications.
- Economic opportunity: The mission fosters a quantum industry ecosystem, creating skilled jobs and encouraging innovation in hardware, software and applications.
Conclusion
The National Quantum Mission is beginning to deliver tangible results. Demonstrating a thousand‑kilometre quantum network showcases India’s ability to develop secure communications indigenously and paves the way for further breakthroughs in quantum computing and sensing.
Source: Press Information Bureau
