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A study by researchers at the University of Technology Sydney and the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research has found that high doses of vitamin C may protect the lungs from the damaging effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) found in air pollution. The findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation could offer some defence against urban air pollution, though more research is needed.
Background
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water‑soluble vitamin essential for human health. It is required for the synthesis of collagen – the protein that holds skin, cartilage and bones together – and plays a role in wound healing, maintenance of teeth and gums and absorption of iron from plant‑based foods. As a powerful antioxidant, vitamin C helps neutralise free radicals and supports immune function. Because the human body cannot make or store this vitamin, it must be obtained regularly from dietary sources such as citrus fruits, guava, kiwi, peppers, tomatoes, broccoli and leafy greens. Deficiency leads to scurvy, characterised by tiredness, anaemia, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Findings of the new study
- Laboratory experiments on mice and cultured human lung cells demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation reduced damage caused by exposure to PM2.5. Treated lungs showed less inflammation, reduced oxidative stress and preservation of mitochondria compared with untreated controls.
- The research suggests that vitamin C may help maintain the integrity of lung tissue by acting as an antioxidant and preventing the loss of cellular energy factories (mitochondria).
- Scientists caution that while high doses were effective in the laboratory, people should consult their doctors before taking large amounts of supplements. Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables is still the best way to obtain vitamin C.
Sources: Times of India