Why in news?
Geologists raised concerns about uncontrolled quarrying at the Guryul Ravine fossil site near Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. The site contains rocks that record one of Earth’s biggest mass extinction events about 252 million years ago. Researchers warned that mining threatens this invaluable natural heritage.
What makes the site special?
The Guryul Ravine exposes a complete sequence of rocks marking the boundary between the Permian and Triassic periods. During this period, about 90% of marine species and 70% of land species went extinct. The ravine contains fossilised remains of marine organisms such as ammonoids and bivalves as well as volcanic ash layers of the Panjal Traps. Studying these rocks helps scientists understand ancient climate change, volcanic eruptions and their impact on life.
Threats and challenges
- Quarrying: Local residents excavate limestone for cement and construction, destroying fossil‑bearing layers.
- Lack of protection: The site is not formally designated as a protected monument or geopark, so there is little regulation or awareness.
- Urban expansion: Nearby development and pollution pose additional pressures.
Need for conservation
Palaeontologists urge authorities to declare the area a Geo‑heritage site and ban mining. Educational boards, museums and guided tours could promote geotourism and provide alternative livelihoods. Preserving the Guryul Ravine will allow future generations to study Earth’s past and understand the factors that could trigger mass extinctions today.