Why in news?
Zoologists from the Zoological Survey of India have discovered two new species of spiders in Nagaland. Named Psechrus ntu and Psechrus phenshunyu after local villages, these species belong to a family of large sheet‑weaving spiders. The discoveries were announced alongside a revised study on whip scorpions.
Background
The genus Psechrus comprises spiders that build large horizontal or slightly inclined sheet webs often near waterfalls or damp forest environments. Prior to this study, India had a handful of species in this genus. The Zoological Survey of India, headquartered in Kolkata, regularly conducts biodiversity surveys to document the country’s rich flora and fauna. Discovering new species helps scientists understand ecological relationships and informs conservation planning.
Key points
- New species names: P. ntu and P. phenshunyu were named after Ntu and Phenshunyu villages in Nagaland. Both spiders have elongated bodies and long legs. They weave large sheet webs in humid, forested areas. Researchers also documented Psechrus himalayanus in north‑eastern India for the first time.
- Ecological observations: The study recorded a rare case of a male P. himalayanus sharing a web with P. phenshunyu, suggesting possible social behaviour. These spiders prey on insects and play a role in controlling insect populations in forest ecosystems.
- Whip scorpions revised: Scientists also completed a taxonomic revision of whip scorpions (Thelyphonids) in India. These arachnids are non‑venomous and spray a vinegar‑like acid to deter predators. The revision provides an updated classification and keys for identifying species.