Environment & Ecology PYQs

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1. Prelims 2013Q53Ecology & Ecosystems

   With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of organism is/are known as decomposer organism/organisms?

   1.Virus

   2.Fungi

   3.Bacteria

   Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
2. Prelims 2013Q87Biodiversity & SpeciesAnswer disputed

   Consider the following fauna of India:

   1.Gharial

   2.Leatherback turtle

   3.Swamp deer

   Which of the above is/are endangered?

   a1 and 2 onlyb3 onlyc1, 2 and 3dNone
3. Prelims 2013Q97Ecology & Ecosystems

   Mycorrhizal biotechnology has been used in rehabilitating degraded sites because mycorrhiza enables the plants to

   1.Resist drought and increase absorptive area

   2.Tolerate extremes of pH

   3.Resist disease infestation

   Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
4. Prelims 2012Q3Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

   How does National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) help in protecting the Indian agriculture?

   1.NBA checks the biopiracy and protects the indigenous and traditional genetic resources.

   2.NBA directly monitors and supervises the scientific research on genetic modification of crop plants.

   3.Application for Intellectual Property Rights related to genetic/biological resources cannot be made without the approval of NBA.

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
5. Prelims 2012Q4Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

   The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 was enacted in consonance with which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India?

   1.Right to healthy environment, construed as a part of Right to life under Article 21

   2.Provision of grants for raising the level of administration in the Scheduled Areas for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes under Article 275(1)

   3.Powers and functions of Gram Sabha as mentioned under Article 243(A)

   Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
6. Prelims 2012Q11Sustainable Agriculture & Development

   Consider the following kinds of organisms :

   1.Bacteria

   2.Fungi

   3.Flowering plants Some species of which of the above kinds of organisms are employed as biopesticides?

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
7. Prelims 2012Q12Renewable Energy

   Biomass gasification is considered to be one of the sustainable solutions to the power crisis in India. In this context, which of the following statements is/are correct?

   1.Coconut shells, groundnut shells and rice husk can be used in biomass gasification.

   2.The combustible gases generated from biomass gasification consist of hydrogen and carbon dioxide only.

   3.The combustible gases generated from biomass gasification can be used for direct heat generation but not in internal combustion engines.

   Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
8. Prelims 2012Q15Environmental PollutionAnswer disputed

   Lead, ingested or inhaled, is a health hazard. After the addition of lead to petrol has been banned, what still are the sources of lead poisoning?

   1.Smelting units

   2.Pens and pencils

   3.Paints

   4.Hair oils and cosmetics

   Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

   a1, 2 and 3 onlyb1 and 3 onlyc2 and 4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
9. Prelims 2012Q17Climate Change

   Consider the following statements :

   Chlorofluorocarbons, known as ozone-depleting substances, are used

   1.in the production of plastic foams

   2.in the production of tubeless tyres

   3.in cleaning certain electronic components

   4.as pressurizing agents in aerosol cans

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1, 2 and 3 onlyb4 onlyc1, 3 and 4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
10. Prelims 2012Q41Biodiversity & Species

    Government of India encourages the cultivation of 'sea buckthorn'. What is the importance of this plant?

    1.It helps in controlling soil erosion and in preventing desertification.

    2.It is a rich source of biodiesel.

    3.It has nutritional value and is well-adapted to live in cold areas of high altitudes.

    4.Its timber is of great commercial value.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    a1 onlyb2, 3 and 4 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
11. Prelims 2012Q46Protected Areas & Conservation

    With reference to the wetlands of India, consider the following statements :

    1.The country's total geographical area under the category of wetlands is recorded more in Gujarat as compared to other States.

    2.In India, the total geographical area of coastal wetlands is larger than that of inland wetlands.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    a1 onlyb2 onlycBoth 1 and 2dNeither 1 nor 2
12. Prelims 2012Q50Climate ChangeAnswer disputed

    The acidification of oceans is increasing. Why is this phenomenon a cause of concern?

    1.The growth and survival of calcareous phytoplankton will be adversely affected.

    2.The growth and survival of coral reefs will be adversely affected.

    3.The survival of some animals that have phytoplanktonic larvae will be adversely affected.

    4.The cloud seeding and formation of clouds will be adversely affected.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    a1, 2 and 3 onlyb2 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
13. Prelims 2012Q62Climate Change

    The increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air is slowly raising the temperature of the atmosphere, because it absorbs

    athe water vapour of the air and retains its heatbthe ultraviolet part of the solar radiationcall the solar radiationsdthe infrared part of the solar radiation
14. Prelims 2012Q87Protected Areas & Conservation

    Consider the following protected areas :

    1.Bandipur

    2.Bhitarkanika

    3.Manas

    4.Sunderbans

    Which of the above are declared Tiger Reserves?

    a1 and 2 onlyb1, 3 and 4 onlyc2, 3 and 4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
15. Prelims 2012Q90Protected Areas & Conservation

    In which one among the following categories of protected areas in India are local people not allowed to collect and use the biomass?

    aBiosphere ReservesbNational ParkscWetlands declared under Ramsar ConventiondWildlife Sanctuaries
16. Prelims 2012Q91Ecology & Ecosystems

    Consider the following kinds of organisms :

    1.Bat

    2.Bee

    3.Bird

    Which of the above is/are pollinating agent/agents?

    a1 and 2 onlyb2 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
17. Prelims 2012Q92Biodiversity & Species

    Which one of the following groups of animals belongs to the category of endangered species?

    aGreat Indian Bustard, Musk Deer, Red Panda and Asiatic Wild AssbKashmir Stag, Cheetal, Blue Bull and Great Indian BustardcSnow Leopard, Swamp Deer, Rhesus Monkey and Saras (Crane)dLion-tailed Macaque, Blue Bull, Hanuman Langur and Cheetal
18. Prelims 2012Q94Ecology & Ecosystems

    The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment describes the following major categories of ecosystem services—provisioning, supporting, regulating, preserving and cultural. Which one of the following is supporting service?

    aProduction of food and waterbControl of climate and diseasecNutrient cycling and crop pollinationdMaintenance of diversity
19. Prelims 2012Q95Biodiversity & Species

    What is the difference between the antelopes Oryx and Chiru?

    aOryx is adapted to live in hot and arid areas whereas Chiru is adapted to live in steppes and semi-desert areas of cold high mountainsbOryx is poached for its antlers whereas Chiru is poached for its muskcOryx exists in western India only whereas Chiru exists in north-east India onlydNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct
20. Prelims 2012Q96Biodiversity & Species

    Which of the following can be threats to the biodiversity of a geographical area?

    1.Global warming

    2.Fragmentation of habitat

    3.Invasion of alien species

    4.Promotion of vegetarianism

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1, 2 and 3 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4