Environment & Ecology PYQs

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1. Prelims 2019Q30Environmental Pollution

   Why is there a great concern about the 'microbeads' that are released into environment?

   aThey are considered harmful to marine ecosystems.bThey are considered to cause skin cancer in children.cThey are small enough to be absorbed by crop plants in irrigated fields.dThey are often found to be used as food adulterants.
2. Prelims 2019Q31Biodiversity & Species

   Recently, there was a growing awareness in our country about the importance of Himalayan nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) because it is found to be a sustainable source of

   aanti-malarial drugbbiodieselcpulp for paper industrydtextile fibre
3. Prelims 2019Q34Climate Change

   Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of 'methane hydrate'?

   1.Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits.

   2.Large deposits of 'methane hydrate' are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor.

   3.Methane in atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two.

   Select the correct answer using the code given below.

   a1 and 2 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
4. Prelims 2019Q35Environmental Pollution

   Consider the following :

   1.Carbon monoxide

   2.Methane

   3.Ozone

   4.Sulphur dioxide

   Which of the above are released into atmosphere due to the burning of crop/biomass residue?

   a1 and 2 onlyb2, 3 and 4 onlyc1 and 4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
5. Prelims 2019Q39Environmental Pollution

   In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed with apprehension. These chemicals are used as

   apesticides in agriculturebpreservatives in processed foodscfruit-ripening agentsdmoisturising agents in cosmetics
6. Prelims 2019Q40Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

   Consider the following statements :

   1.Under Ramsar Convention, it is mandatory on the part of the Government of India to protect and conserve all the wetlands in the territory of India.

   2.The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the Government of India based on the recommendations of Ramsar Convention.

   3.The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 also encompass the drainage area or catchment regions of the wetlands as determined by the authority.

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1 and 2 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
7. Prelims 2019Q41Environmental Pollution

   Consider the following statements :

   1.Agricultural soils release nitrogen oxides into environment.

   2.Cattle release ammonia into environment.

   3.Poultry industry releases reactive nitrogen compounds into environment.

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1 and 3 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc2 onlyd1, 2 and 3
8. Prelims 2019Q43Renewable Energy

   In the context of proposals to the use of hydrogen-enriched CNG (H-CNG) as fuel for buses in public transport, consider the following statements :

   1.The main advantage of the use of H-CNG is the elimination of carbon monoxide emissions.

   2.H-CNG as fuel reduces carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions.

   3.Hydrogen up to one-fifth by volume can be blended with CNG as fuel for buses.

   4.H-CNG makes the fuel less expensive than CNG.

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc4 onlyd1, 2, 3 and 4
9. Prelims 2019Q58Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

   Consider the following statements :

   The Environment Protection Act, 1986 empowers the Government of India to

   1.state the requirement of public participation in the process of environmental protection, and the procedure and manner in which it is sought

   2.lay down the standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from various sources

   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   a1 onlyb2 onlycBoth 1 and 2dNeither 1 nor 2
10. Prelims 2019Q59Environmental Pollution

    As per the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 in India, which one of the following statements is correct?

    aWaste generator has to segregate waste into five categories.bThe Rules are applicable to notified urban local bodies, notified towns and all industrial townships only.cThe Rules provide for exact and elaborate criteria for the identification of sites for landfills and waste processing facilities.dIt is mandatory on the part of waste generator that the waste generated in one district cannot be moved to another district.
11. Prelims 2019Q68Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

    Consider the following statements :

    1.As per law, the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority exists at both National and State levels.

    2.People’s participation is mandatory in the compensatory afforestation programmes carried out under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    a1 onlyb2 onlycBoth 1 and 2dNeither 1 nor 2
12. Prelims 2019Q78Environmental Pollution

    In India, 'extended producer responsibility' was introduced as an important feature in which of the following?

    aThe Bio-medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998bThe Recycled Plastic (Manufacturing and Usage) Rules, 1999cThe e-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011dThe Food Safety and Standard Regulations, 2011
13. Prelims 2018Q2Ecology & Ecosystems

    Which of the following leaf modifications occur(s) in the desert areas to inhibit water loss ?

    1.Hard and waxy leaves

    2.Tiny leaves

    3.Thorns instead of leaves

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a2 and 3 onlyb2 onlyc3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
14. Prelims 2018Q4Indian Environmental Laws & Bodies

    How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) ?

    1.The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order of the Government.

    2.The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 onlyb2 onlycBoth 1 and 2dNeither 1 nor 2
15. Prelims 2018Q35Climate Change

    With reference to the 'Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA)', which of the following statements is/are correct ?

    1.GACSA is an outcome of the Climate Summit held in Paris in 2015.

    2.Membership of GACSA does not create any binding obligations.

    3.India was instrumental in the creation of GACSA.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1 and 3 onlyb2 onlyc2 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3
16. Prelims 2018Q59Sustainable Agriculture & Development

    With reference to the circumstances in Indian agriculture, the concept of “Conservation Agriculture” assumes significance. Which of the following fall under the Conservation Agriculture ?

    1.Avoiding the monoculture practices

    2.Adopting minimum tillage

    3.Avoiding the cultivation of plantation crops

    4.Using crop residues to cover soil surface

    5.Adopting spatial and temporal crop sequencing/crop rotations

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1, 3 and 4b2, 3, 4 and 5c2, 4 and 5d1, 2, 3 and 5
17. Prelims 2018Q60Biodiversity & Species

    The term "sixth mass extinction/sixth extinction" is often mentioned in the news in the context of the discussion of

    aWidespread monoculture practices in agriculture and large-scale commercial farming with indiscriminate use of chemicals in many parts of the world that may result in the loss of good native ecosystems.bFears of a possible collision of a meteorite with the Earth in the near future in the manner it happened 65 million years ago that caused the mass extinction of many species including those of dinosaurs.cLarge scale cultivation of genetically modified crops in many parts of the world and promoting their cultivation in other parts of the world which may cause the disappearance of good native crop plants and the loss of food biodiversity.dMankind's over-exploitation/misuse of natural resources, fragmentation/loss of natural habitats, destruction of ecosystems, pollution and global climate change.
18. Prelims 2018Q65Climate Change

    Which of the following statements best describes "carbon fertilization" ?

    aIncreased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmospherebIncreased temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmospherecIncreased acidity of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmospheredAdaptation of all living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
19. Prelims 2018Q67Renewable Energy

    With reference to solar power production in India, consider the following statements :

    1.India is the third largest in the world in the manufacture of silicon wafers used in photovoltaic units.

    2.The solar power tariffs are determined by the Solar Energy Corporation of India.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 onlyb2 onlycBoth 1 and 2dNeither 1 nor 2
20. Prelims 2018Q81Environmental Pollution

    Which of the following is/are the possible consequence/s of heavy sand mining in riverbeds ?

    1.Decreased salinity in the river

    2.Pollution of groundwater

    3.Lowering of the water-table

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1 onlyb2 and 3 onlyc1 and 3 onlyd1, 2 and 3