Defence

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MiG‑21

Why in news? The Indian Air Force (IAF) announced that it would retire the iconic MiG‑21 fighter jet from operational service on 26 Septem...

INS Udaygiri and INS Himgiri

Why in news? The Indian Navy commissioned two Nilgiri‑class stealth frigates—INS Udaygiri and INS Himgiri—at Visakhapatnam in August 2...

Integrated Air Defence Weapon System (IADWS)

Why in news? Defence analysts discussed India’s progress on the Integrated Air Defence Weapon System in August 2025 after reports of a su...

Agni‑5: India’s Long‑Range Ballistic Missile

Why in news? India successfully conducted a night‑time flight test of the Agni‑5 ballistic missile in August 2025. The test validated th...

India’s Joint Doctrines for Cyberspace Operations

Why in News? The Chief of Defence Staff has released declassified joint doctrines for cyberspace and amphibious operations, signalling a mor...

Intermediate‑Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty

Why in News? Russia has announced its formal withdrawal from the Intermediate‑Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, citing security concerns over W...

BrahMos Supersonic Cruise Missile

Why in news? After the success of Operation Sindoor in 2025, the Indian Navy and Air Force announced plans to procure larger numbers of the ...

Women in the Armed Forces

Why in news? India is progressively expanding opportunities for women in the Army, Navy and Air Force. Recent data highlight growing numbers...

Airbus C‑295 aircraft delivery

Why in news? India received the last of sixteen C‑295 transport aircraft from Airbus Defence and Space in July 2025, ahead of schedule. Th...

Operation Akhal

Why in news? In July 2025 the Indian Army’s Chinar Corps and Jammu‑and‑Kashmir Police launched a high‑intensity counter‑terror ope...

Operation ShivShakti

Why in news? The Indian Army launched Operation ShivShakti to prevent infiltration across the Line of Control in Poonch district, Jammu and ...

Pralay Quasi‑Ballistic Missile Tests

Why in news? The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted two successive flight‑tests of the Pralay quasi‑ballisti...

Exercise Divya Drishti

Why in news? The Indian Army conducted Exercise Divya Drishti in East Sikkim to test artificial‑intelligence‑powered battlefield technol...

Operation Mahadev

Why in news? Security forces in Jammu and Kashmir conducted a successful counter‑terrorism mission near Srinagar in July 2025. The operati...

Kargil Vijay Diwas

Why in news? On 26 July 2025 India observed the 26th anniversary of Kargil Vijay Diwas to honour the soldiers who reclaimed strategic height...

Hydrogen‑powered Driving Power Car

Why in news? The Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai has developed and tested India’s first hydrogen‑powered driving power car. It f...

Paika Rebellion of 1817

Why in news? The omission of the Paika Rebellion from a new NCERT history textbook sparked political debate in July 2025, with the governmen...

UAV‑Launched Precision Guided Missile (ULPGM)‑V3

Why in news? Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully tested the third variant of its UAV‑Launched Precision Guid...

MiG‑21

Why in news? The Indian Air Force (IAF) announced that its last two MiG‑21 Bison squadrons would be retired in September 2025, ending more...

Akash Prime and short‑range ballistic missile tests

Why in news? India successfully conducted field trials of the Akash Prime surface‑to‑air missile and night launches of Agni‑I and Prit...