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Local communities on the Assam–Meghalaya border are protesting a proposed 55 MW hydropower‑cum‑irrigation project on the Kulsi River. The project, conceived decades ago, has drawn opposition because of potential displacement, ecological damage and threats to endangered river dolphins.
Background
The Kulsi is a tributary of the Brahmaputra. It originates in the West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya and flows northwards into Assam. Known for its clean waters and as a habitat for the rare Gangetic river dolphin, the river supports local fisheries and agriculture.
The hydropower proposal was first mooted in the 1990s as a joint venture between Assam and Meghalaya. The planned dam site near Ukiam village would also serve irrigation needs by storing monsoon water for lean seasons.
Concerns raised by residents
- Displacement of communities: The dam would inundate low‑lying areas and may submerge around two dozen villages inhabited by Rabha, Garo and Khasi communities.
- Ecological impact: The river supports roughly twenty endangered Gangetic river dolphins and diverse fish species. A large reservoir could alter habitat and water quality, affecting biodiversity.
- Effect on wetlands: Activists fear that the project would harm nearby wetlands, including the scenic Chandubi Lake, which is both a tourist spot and a bird habitat.
- Lack of consultation: Many locals argue that public hearings have been insufficient and that project planners have not adequately addressed community concerns.
Current status
Protests intensified in 2025 when a coalition of student unions and civil society groups organised rallies, prompting the Assam chief minister to state that the project would not proceed without public consent. As of April 2026 the project remains on hold, and further feasibility studies and consultations are expected.
Sources: ETV Bharat