Why in news?
On 13 March 2026 the Prime Minister virtually inaugurated the 120 MW Lower Kopili Hydroelectric Project in central Assam. The run‑of‑river scheme aims to improve power supply and foster economic growth in the region.
Background
The Kopili River originates in the hills of Meghalaya and flows through Assam before joining the Brahmaputra. It is the largest south‑bank tributary of the Brahmaputra in Assam and has long been viewed as a potential source of clean electricity. The Assam Power Generation Corporation Limited (APGCL) planned the Lower Kopili project as part of its efforts to expand hydropower capacity. Funding is provided through the Asian Development Bank under the Assam Power Sector Investment Programme. The foundation stone was laid in October 2021.
Project features
- The project is a run‑of‑river scheme with an installed capacity of 120 megawatts, using four generating units of 30 MW each. It harnesses the river’s flow without creating a large reservoir, reducing the need for extensive land submergence.
- Located across the districts of West Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao, the project includes a dam, a barrage, a power house and associated transmission lines. Construction is being undertaken by APGCL with technical assistance from central and state agencies.
- By generating reliable power, the facility is expected to improve grid stability in the North‑Eastern region and support industrial development and rural electrification.
Benefits and challenges
- The project will contribute to India’s clean‑energy goals by reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse‑gas emissions.
- Local communities anticipate job opportunities and improved infrastructure. However, careful management is needed to minimise impacts on forests, wildlife and livelihoods, since the Kopili basin hosts rich biodiversity and indigenous cultures.
- Run‑of‑river projects rely on seasonal flows; the authorities must therefore plan for fluctuations during dry months and ensure sustainable water use.
Conclusion
The inauguration of the Lower Kopili Hydroelectric Project marks an important milestone in Assam’s pursuit of clean energy and regional development. Effective environmental safeguards and community engagement will be key to realising its full benefits.
Source: The Sentinel