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India & the Global South

Why in news? In July 2025 the Indian Prime Minister embarked on a five‑nation tour of Ghana, Trinidad & Tobago, Argentina, Brazil and Namibia. Th...

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Draft Petroleum & Natural Gas Rules 2025

Why in news? India’s Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas released draft rules in July 2025 to overhaul the decades‑old regulatory framework gov...

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Study on Banning Problematic Plastics

Why in news? A study commissioned by WWF and conducted by environmental group Earth Action estimated that banning problematic and avoidable plastics ...

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Extended Range Anti‑Submarine Rocket (ERASR)

Why in news? India successfully conducted user trials of its indigenous Extended Range Anti‑Submarine Rocket (ERASR) from INS Kavaratti in July 202...

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Catastrophe Bonds

Why in news? Growing climate‑induced disasters have prompted policymakers to explore catastrophe bonds (“cat bonds”) as an innovative financing ...

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UAE’s Nomination‑Based Golden Visa Scheme

Why in news? The United Arab Emirates (UAE) introduced a new nomination‑based Golden Visa that allows Indian and Bangladeshi nationals to obtain lif...

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National Overseas Scholarship Scheme

Why in news? News reports in July 2025 revealed that the Ministry of Social Justice had not issued provisional award letters to many selected candida...

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Battery Passport Framework

Why in news? The Indian government began work on a “battery passport” for electric‑vehicle (EV) batteries to enhance safety, traceability and co...

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Vera C. Rubin Observatory

Why in news? In July 2025 the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile released its first test images from the world’s largest digital camera. This fac...

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The Dark Web

Why in news? A software engineer from Kerala was arrested for selling drugs on the dark web and had gained “level‑four vendor” status, highlight...

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Gene‑Edited Japonica Rice

Why in news? Scientists at the National Institute of Plant Genome Research used CRISPR‑Cas9 gene editing to boost phosphate uptake in japonica rice,...

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Namibia – Geography & Ties with India

Why in news? Namibia came into focus as the Indian Prime Minister visited the country in July 2025—only the second such visit in nearly three decad...

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Peering into India’s Digital Divide

Why in news? An official survey released in July 2025 examined how Indians access and use digital technologies. It revealed that while mobile ownersh...

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FATF’s 2025 Update on Terrorist Financing

Why in news? The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) released its 2025 report on emerging trends in terrorist financing. It highlighted the growing use...

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Kerala’s Semicircular Classrooms

Why in news? Several government schools in Kerala introduced semicircular classroom layouts inspired by a popular Malayalam film. The experiment aims ...

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C‑FLOOD App

Why in news? The Central Water Commission (CWC) and the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C‑DAC) launched C‑FLOOD—India’s first un...

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India’s First Equine Disease‑Free Compartment

Why in news? The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) recognised India’s first Equine Disease‑Free Compartment (EDFC) at the Remount Veteri...

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Aluminium Vision Document 2047

Why in news? The Ministry of Mines released the Aluminium Vision Document 2047 in July 2025, outlining strategies to transform India into a global a...

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WHO “3 by 35” Initiative

Why in news? The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “3 by 35” initiative in 2025, calling on governments to halve consumption of tobac...

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Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR)

Why in news? The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted large variable rate reverse repo (VRRR) auctions in 2025 to absorb excess liquidity from the ba...

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