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New definition of a pandemic emergency under the International Health Regulations

New definition of a pandemic emergency under the International Health Regulations

Why in news? At the Seventy‑seventh World Health Assembly in May 2024 member states adopted amendments to the International Health Regulations (IHR)...

Environmental surveillance – wastewater monitoring for public health

Environmental surveillance – wastewater monitoring for public health

Why in news? The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) announced in August 2025 that it would expand wastewater surveillance to monitor ten viruse...

National Pulses Mission

National Pulses Mission

Why in news? In September 2025 the Union Cabinet approved the National Pulses Mission with a budgetary outlay of ₹11,440 crore to be implemented dur...

DigiLocker – India’s digital document wallet

DigiLocker – India’s digital document wallet

Why in news? In September 2025 the Union Public Service Commission began verifying candidates’ caste, income and disability certificates through Dig...

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The Courage of Jiya Rai

Why in news? In September 2025 Jiya Rai, a 17‑year‑old para‑swimmer with autism spectrum disorder, swam solo across the Catalina Channel near Lo...

UPSC at 100 – Guardian of Meritocracy and Nation‑Building

UPSC at 100 – Guardian of Meritocracy and Nation‑Building

Why in news? On 1 October 2025 India’s Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) entered its centenary year. Established on 1 October 1926, the commiss...

India re‑elected to the International Civil Aviation Organization Council

India re‑elected to the International Civil Aviation Organization Council

Why in news? The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) convened its 42nd Assembly in Montreal in September 2025. During the session India w...

The Nobel Peace Prize – origin and selection process

The Nobel Peace Prize – origin and selection process

Why in news? The 2025 Nobel Peace Prize was scheduled to be announced on 10 October 2025. Ahead of the announcement discussions focused on the legacy ...

India–EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement comes into force

India–EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement comes into force

Why in news? India’s free trade agreement with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) — comprising Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerl...

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh – origins and contributions

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh – origins and contributions

Why in news? The socio‑cultural organisation Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) marked its 100th foundation day in late September 2025. Founded in 19...

India secures second deep‑sea mineral exploration contract

India secures second deep‑sea mineral exploration contract

Why in news? In September 2025 the Ministry of Earth Sciences signed a 15‑year contract with the International Seabed Authority (ISA) for exclusive ...

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Trump’s Gaza Peace Plan

Why in news? Former U.S. president Donald Trump released a 20‑point proposal aimed at ending the Israel–Hamas war. The plan called for an immediat...

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South–South and Triangular Cooperation

Why in news? The United Nations observed the International Day for South–South Cooperation on 12 September 2025. Discussions focused on how developi...

Trends in India’s Dairy Sector

Trends in India’s Dairy Sector

Why in news? The government released new data showing that India produced 239 million tonnes of milk in 2023‑24, reinforcing its position as the wor...

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Siphon‑Powered Desalination

Why in news? Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) announced a low‑cost desalination technique that uses a fabric‑lined siphon to ...

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The Wassenaar Arrangement

Why in news? Export control regimes came under the spotlight in September 2025 when the Wassenaar Arrangement updated its control lists of dual‑use ...

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National Security Council Secretariat

Why in news? The government announced a reorganisation of the National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) in September 2025, appointing an Additional...

Natural Gas Discovery near the Andaman Islands

Natural Gas Discovery near the Andaman Islands

Why in news? Oil India Ltd announced that it had struck natural gas near the Andaman Islands at a shallow offshore well named “Vijayapuram‑2.” T...

Venezuela

Venezuela

Why in news? Venezuela has been in news recently. Understanding Venezuela’s physical features helps contextualise its economy and biodiversity, both...

Stampedes in India

Stampedes in India

Why in news? A series of fatal stampedes at religious gatherings and crowded public events in 2025 prompted renewed discussion about crowd management ...

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