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Landslides in Darjeeling and Sikkim

Why in news? In early October 2025 torrential monsoon rains triggered landslides and flash floods across the eastern Himalayas. Darjeeling district an...

Namchik–Namphuk coal block in Arunachal Pradesh

Namchik–Namphuk coal block in Arunachal Pradesh

Why in news? The Union government in 2025 resumed operations at the Namchik–Namphuk coal block in Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh. The coal ...

Cyclone Shakhti

Cyclone Shakhti

Why in news? The India Meteorological Department (IMD) announced on 3 October 2025 that a depression over the northeast Arabian Sea had intensified in...

Assam–Nagaland Border Dispute

Assam–Nagaland Border Dispute

Why in news? On 2 October 2025 armed miscreants torched over 100 houses near the Assam–Nagaland border, reigniting tensions in a decades‑old dispu...

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Swiss Glaciers Melt Rapidly

Why in news? A report by Swiss glaciologists revealed that the country’s glaciers lost about 3 percent of their ice volume in the past year due to l...

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Typhoon Bualoi in Vietnam

Why in news? Typhoon Bualoi struck central Vietnam at the start of October 2025, causing significant damage and loss of life. The storm brought heavy ...

Sir Creek: India–Pakistan Maritime Boundary Dispute

Sir Creek: India–Pakistan Maritime Boundary Dispute

Why in news? Media discussions resurfaced about the unresolved Sir Creek dispute between India and Pakistan following fresh statements from both gover...

Natural Gas Discovery near the Andaman Islands

Natural Gas Discovery near the Andaman Islands

Why in news? Oil India Ltd announced that it had struck natural gas near the Andaman Islands at a shallow offshore well named “Vijayapuram‑2.” T...

Venezuela

Venezuela

Why in news? Venezuela has been in news recently. Understanding Venezuela’s physical features helps contextualise its economy and biodiversity, both...

Musi River

Musi River

Why in news? The Musi River has been in news as the Telangana government prepared to clear encroachments along its banks. Understanding the river’s ...

Mahendragiri Hills – Biodiversity Heritage Site

Mahendragiri Hills – Biodiversity Heritage Site

Why in news? The Mahendragiri hills in Odisha’s Gajapati district, declared a Biodiversity Heritage Site in 2022, continue to attract scientific and...

Almatti Dam Height Increase

Almatti Dam Height Increase

Why in news? Proposals resurfaced in September 2025 to raise the height of the Almatti Dam on the Krishna River from 519.6 metres to 524.256 metres. S...

Estonia

Estonia

Why in news? Estonia has been mentioned in international news for its role in cybersecurity initiatives and its relations with Russia and NATO. Learni...

Barren Island Volcano

Barren Island Volcano

Why in news? Scientists recorded low‑level activity at Barren Island in September 2025, reminding the public that it is India’s only active volcan...

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Seven Natural Heritage Sites Added to UNESCO’s Tentative List

Why in news? Seven Indian natural sites were added to UNESCO’s Tentative List in 2025. Being placed on the list is the first step towards World Heri...

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El Niño and Extreme Rainfall in India

Why in news? A new study found that although El Niño usually suppresses the Indian summer monsoon, it increases the likelihood of intense daily rainf...

Ageing Dams in India

Ageing Dams in India

Why in news? More than a thousand large dams in India will be over 50 years old by 2025, and several hundred are already beyond their design life. Age...

Technology‑Driven Disaster Management Strategy

Technology‑Driven Disaster Management Strategy

Why in news? Catastrophic floods and landslides in the Himalayas during the 2025 monsoon underscored the need for modern disaster management. In respo...

Grey Rhino Event: Wayanad Landslide Lessons | UPSC

Grey Rhino Event: Wayanad Landslide Lessons | UPSC

Why in news? A report titled Sliding Earth, Scattered Lives released in September 2025 described the July 2024 landslide in Wayanad district, Kerala, ...

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Erra Matti Dibbalu (Red Sand Dunes)

Why in news? The Erra Matti Dibbalu, or Red Sand Dunes, near Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh have been included in the UNESCO Tentative List of World ...

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